A HISTORY OF EDUCATION A SOCIAL INTERPRETATION

James Mulhern A History of Education : A Social Interpretation This book is the outcome of courses in the history of education, comparative education, and philosophy of education taught at the University of Pennsylvania for the past thirty years. It aims to present in concise form the historical foundations of modern education, with a view to meeting the needs of students enrolled in courses in the history of education. It does not view education as embracing only pedagogical theories and practices, isolated from their social setting. It views it, rather, as an aspect of the total cultural scene in the societies and historical periods with which it deals. Formal education is examined as a product of the economic, social, political, religious, moral, and intellectual factors which determined its forms from society to society and from period to period. And, in recording events, the relation of social evolution to educational change, both theoretical and practical, is always kept in mind. In examining education as a cultural phenomenon, three clearly differentiated types of society-primitive, Oriental, and Western–are discussed. While Westerners have viewed Minerva as a Western deity, the wisdom of the Orient and of preliterate peoples should, in the changing modern world, be accorded respect. Wisdom has never been either societal or geographical.

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